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List and origin of arabica varieties TIF. Coffee varieties are the diverse subspecies derived through selective breeding or natural selection of coffee plants.While there is tremendous variability encountered in both wild and cultivated coffee plants, there are a few varieties and cultivars that are commercially important due to various unique and inherent traits such as disease resistance and ...
The robusta plant has a greater crop yield than that of arabica, contains more caffeine (2.7% compared to arabica's 1.5%), [7] and contains less sugar (3–7% compared to arabica's 6–9%). [8] As it is less susceptible to pests and disease, [ 9 ] robusta needs much less herbicide and pesticide than arabica.
Ideally, Arabica coffee beans are grown at temperatures between 15 and 24 °C (59 and 75 °F) and Robusta between 24 and 30 °C (75 and 86 °F) and receive between 500 and 3,000 mm (20 and 118 in) of rainfall per year. [18] More rain is needed at the beginning of the season when the fruit is developing and less later in the season as it ripens.
The two most popular are Coffea arabica (commonly known simply as "Arabica"), which accounts for 60–80% of the world's coffee production, and Coffea canephora (known as "Robusta"), which accounts for about 20–40%. [2] [3] C. arabica is preferred for its sweeter taste, while C. canephora has a higher caffeine content.
Coffea arabica (/ ə ˈ r æ b ɪ k ə /), also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae.It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. [2]
Additionally, robusta is less susceptible to disease than arabica and can be cultivated in lower altitudes and warmer climates where arabica does not thrive. [58] The robusta strain was first collected in 1890 from the Lomani River, a tributary of the Congo River, and was conveyed from the Congo Free State (now the Democratic Republic of the ...
Robusta coffee, which is made from the plant coffea canephora, mainly grows in the Lake Victoria Basin. [13] It is known for low acidity and high bitterness in relation to coffee made from coffea arabica. Robusta beans tend to grow in lower altitudes than those of Arabica beans, ranging between 200–800 meters above sea level. [14]
Laos produces two main types of coffee: Robusta and Arabica. Robusta is mainly used for regular coffee as well as a typical coffee drink in Laos where it is sweetened with condensed milk. The latter, Arabica, is of a higher quality due to its mild taste, and it is used for espresso. For the 20,000 tons of coffee that Laos produces a year, 5,000 ...