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For viewing native PAL or SECAM material (such as European television series and some European movies) on NTSC equipment, a standards conversion has to take place. There are basically two ways to accomplish this: The framerate can be slowed from 25 to 23.976 frames per second (a slowdown of about 4%) to subsequently apply 3:2 pulldown .
When operating in this mode most of them do not output a true (625/50) PAL signal, but rather a hybrid consisting of the original NTSC line standard (525/60), with colour converted to PAL 4.43 MHz (instead of 3.58 as with NTSC and South American PAL variants and with the PAL-specific phase alternation of colour difference signal between the ...
In NTSC, its frequency is exactly 315/88 = 3.579 54 [a] MHz with a phase of 180°. PAL uses a frequency of exactly 4.43361875 MHz, with its phase alternating between 135° and 225° from line to line. Since the colorburst signal has a known amplitude, it is sometimes used as a reference level when compensating for amplitude variations in the ...
In NTSC composite video, the 3.58 MHz burst signal is inverted in phase (180° out of phase) from the reference subcarrier. [7] In PAL, the phase of the 4.43 MHz color subcarrier alternates on successive lines. In SECAM, no colorburst is used since phase information is irrelevant.
NTSC is only used with system M, even though there were experiments with NTSC-A in the UK and NTSC-N (625 line) in part of South America. PAL is used with a variety of 625-line standards (B, G, D, K, I, N) but also with the North American 525-line standard, accordingly named PAL-M .
When transferred to NTSC television, the rate is effectively slowed to 23.976 FPS (24×1000÷1001 to be exact), and when transferred to PAL or SECAM it is sped up to 25 FPS. 35 mm movie cameras use a standard exposure rate of 24 FPS, though many cameras offer rates of 23.976 FPS for NTSC television and 25 FPS for PAL/SECAM.
A video standards converter is a video device that converts NTSC to PAL and/or PAL to NTSC. [1] The PAL TV signals may be transcoded to or from SECAM. Video standards converters are primarily used so television shows can be viewed in nations with different video standards. With the use of high-definition television, new digital video standards ...
The use of NTSC coded color in S-Video systems, as well as the use of closed-circuit composite NTSC, both eliminate the phase distortions because there is no reception ghosting in a closed-circuit system to smear the color burst. For VHS videotape on the horizontal axis and frame rate of the three color systems when used with this scheme, the ...