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Islam is a major religious minority in the Russian Federation, which has the largest Muslim population in Europe. [2] According to the US Department of State in 2017, [3] Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population.
Islam is the second largest religion in Russia after Orthodox Christianity. [3] It is the historically dominant religion among some Caucasian ethnic groups (notably the Chechens , the Ingush and the Adyghe ), and some Turkic peoples (notably the Tatars and the Bashkirs ).
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During this time, Islam was the country's second-largest religion; 90% of Muslims in the Soviet Union were adherents of Sunni Islam, with only around 10% adhering to Shia Islam. Excluding the Azerbaijan SSR, which had a Shia-majority population, all of the Muslim-majority Union Republics had Sunni-majority populations. [1]
Sunni Islam is the predominant religion in Chechnya, practiced by 95% of those polled in Grozny in 2010. [70] [71] Most of the population is Sunni and follows either the Shafi'i or the Hanafi schools of Islamic jurisprudence. [72] The Shafi'i school of jurisprudence has a long tradition among the Chechens, and thus it remains the most practiced.
Originally, the mosque was built in the Kazan Kremlin in the 16th century. It was named after Kul Sharif, who was a religious scholar who served there.Kul Sharif died along with his numerous students while defending Kazan from Russian forces in 1552 during the Siege of Kazan, and the mosque was destroyed by Ivan the Terrible's forces. [3]
The Akhmad Kadyrov Mosque (Chechen: Кадыров Ахьмадан цӀарах дина маьждиг, romanized: Kadirov Ahmadan ċarax dina mäƶdig; Russian: Мечеть Ахмата Кадырова, romanized: Mechet Akhmata Kadyrova) is located in Grozny, the capital of Chechnya.
The Saint Petersburg Mosque (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́ргская мече́ть), when opened in 1913, was the largest mosque in Europe outside Turkey.The mosque is situated in downtown St Petersburg.