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Causes: Compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture (thoracic outlet), the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit [1] Risk factors: Trauma, repetitive arm movements, tumors, pregnancy, cervical rib [1] Diagnostic method: Nerve conduction studies, medical imaging [1] Differential diagnosis
As a result of this blockage, blood flow in the vessel stops—a condition called thromboembolism. [ 1 ] Thromboembolism is a condition in which a blood clot ( thrombus ) breaks off from its original site and travels through the bloodstream (as an embolus ) to obstruct a blood vessel, causing tissue ischemia and organ damage.
Arterial occlusion is a condition involving partial or complete blockage of blood flow through an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to body tissues. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] An occlusion of arteries disrupts oxygen and blood supply to tissues, leading to ischemia . [ 1 ]
Possible complications of arterial embolism depend on the site of the obstruction: In the heart it can cause myocardial infarction [2] In the brain, it can cause a transient ischemic attack (TIA), [2] and, in prolonged blood obstruction, stroke. [2] Blockage of arteries that supply arms or legs may result in necrosis and gangrene [1]
Arterial embolism can cause occlusion in any part of the body. It is a major cause of infarction (tissue death from blockage of the blood supply). [4] An embolus lodging in the brain from either the heart or a carotid artery will most likely be the cause of a stroke due to ischemia. [5]
There are multiple processes that can cause obstruction of the subclavian artery before the vertebral artery, giving opportunity for SSS. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of SSS; [2] all atherosclerotic risk factors are risk factors for SSS. Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) increases the risk for SSS. [2]
Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity [3] of the walls of arteries; [4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of ...
The mediastinum (from Medieval Latin: mediastinus, lit. 'midway'; [2] pl.: mediastina) is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity.Surrounded by loose connective tissue, it is a region that contains vital organs and structures within the thorax, namely the heart and its vessels, the esophagus, the trachea, the vagus, phrenic and cardiac nerves, the thoracic duct, the thymus and the lymph ...