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Freethought (sometimes spelled free thought) is an unorthodox attitude or belief. [1]A freethinker holds that beliefs should not be formed on the basis of authority, tradition, revelation, or dogma, [2] and should instead be reached by other methods such as logic, reason, and empirical observation.
Conway Hall, home of the Conway Hall Ethical Society, is the oldest freethought community in the world (established 1793).. Irreligious organizations promote the view that moral standards should be based solely on naturalistic considerations, without reference to supernatural concepts (such as God or an afterlife), any desire to do good for a reward after death, or any fear of punishment for ...
Vrijdenkersvereniging De Vrije Gedachte (DVG) (English: Freethinkers association The Free Thought), [3] is a Dutch atheist–humanist association of freethinkers. [1] It was founded in 1856 and known by the name De Dageraad ("The Dawn") [4] before assuming its present name in 1957. [4]
Freethinkers strive to build their opinions on the basis of facts, scientific inquiry, and logical principles, independent of any logical fallacies or intellectually limiting effects of authority, confirmation bias, cognitive bias, conventional wisdom, popular culture, prejudice, sectarianism, tradition, urban legend, and all other dogmas.
His father was a Free Thinker (agnostic or atheist), who arranged for three-year-old Bertrand to be raised as a free thinker when he was dying, but the courts overrode this and forced him to be raised Christian. In 1910 Russell failed to receive Liberal Party nomination for Parliament when the party's inner circle had learned he was agnostic.
The Pew Research Centre in the table below reflects "religiously unaffiliated" which "include atheists, agnostics and people who do not identify with any particular religion in surveys". The Zuckerman data on the table below only reflect the number of people who have an absence of belief in a deity only (atheists, agnostics).
Atheist as a label of practical godlessness was used at least as early as 1577. [14] The term atheism was derived from the French athéisme, [15] and appears in English about 1587. [16] An earlier work, from about 1534, used the term atheonism. [17] [18] Related words emerged later: deist in 1621, [19] theist in 1662, [20] deism in 1675, [21 ...
The Freethinker is a British secular humanist publication, founded by G. W. Foote in 1881. [1] One of the world's oldest surviving freethought publications, it moved online-only in 2014. It has always taken an unapologetically atheist, anti-religious stance. In Issue 1 (May, 1881), Foote set out The Freethinker's purpose: