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Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months. [1] [3] [5] Early symptoms are usually nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite. [1] In the following hours or weeks, initial symptoms may appear to improve, before the development of additional symptoms, after which either recovery or death follow. [1]
At this time they begin exhibiting symptoms of radiation poisoning of sufficient severity to render them totally ineffective. Death follows for about half of males at approximately six weeks after exposure. Nausea and vomiting generally occur within 24–48 hours after exposure to mild (1–2 Gy) doses of radiation.
The exposure to 4.5 Gray of penetrating gamma rays has many effects that occur at different times: In 24 hours: [10] vomiting; diarrhea; These will usually abate after 6–7 days. Within 3–4 weeks there is a period of extreme illness. [10] severe bloody diarrhea, indicating intestinal disorders causing fluid imbalance; extensive internal bleeding
Radiation damage's outcome is related to its initial onset time. Acute symptoms, occurring in the first few days, have the most favorable outcomes, likely diminishing within a few weeks. [20] Early-delayed symptoms, occurring within the first months, typically include myelopathy. These issues frequently resolve without treatment. [20]
An estimated 31 people died within a few weeks after this happened, including two plant workers killed at the scene. Although residents were evacuated within 36 hours, people started to complain of vomiting, migraines and other major signs of radiation sickness. The officials of Ukraine had to close off an area with an 18-mile (30 km) radius.
[5] In 2014, Akleyev's book "Comprehensive analysis of chronic radiation syndrome, covering epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathoanatomy, diagnosis and treatment" was published by Springer. [6] Symptoms of chronic radiation syndrome would include, at an early stage, impaired sense of touch and smell and disturbances of the vegetative functions.
Image credits: Eric McCandless/Getty Images #4 Dave Coulier. Full House actor Dave Coulier revealed on November 13 that he had been diagnosed with a very aggressive form of cancer just a month before.
Radiation proctitis can occur a few weeks after treatment, or after several months or years: Acute radiation proctitis — symptoms occur in the first 3 months after therapy. [ 4 ] These symptoms include diarrhea and the urgent need to defecate .