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A tuff cone, sometimes called an ash cone, is a small monogenetic volcanic cone produced by phreatic (hydrovolcanic) explosions directly associated with magma brought to the surface through a conduit from a deep-seated magma reservoir. They are characterized by high rims that have a maximum relief of 100–800 meters (330–2,620 ft) above the ...
Volcanic cone – Landform of ejecta from a volcanic vent piled up in a conical shape; Volcanic crater – Roughly circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity; Volcanic dam – Natural dam produced directly or indirectly by volcanism; Volcanic field – Area of Earth's crust prone to localized volcanic activity
A right circular cone and an oblique circular cone A double cone (not shown infinitely extended) 3D model of a cone. A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex that is not contained in the base.
This hemisphere contains approximately 68% of Earth's landmass and is home to about 90% of the global population. [4] It includes North America, Europe, Asia, and most of Africa. Southern Hemisphere: The half that lies south of the Equator. It contains approximately 32% of Earth's landmass and is home to about 10% of the global population.
Parasitic cone (in foreground) with larger main cone in background, at Piton de la Fournaise volcano on the island of Réunion. A parasitic cone (also adventive cone, satellite cone, satellitic cone or lateral cone) is the cone-shaped accumulation of volcanic material not part of the central vent of a volcano.
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
Earth's inner core is the innermost geologic layer of the planet Earth. It is primarily a solid ball with a radius of about 1,220 km (760 mi), which is about 20% of Earth's radius or 70% of the Moon's radius. [1] [2] There are no samples of the core accessible for direct measurement, as there are for Earth's mantle. [3]
A cinder cone (or scoria cone [1]) is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.