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There are two main types of intracellular parasites: Facultative and Obligate. [2] Facultative intracellular parasites are capable of living and reproducing in or outside of host cells. Obligate intracellular parasites, on the other hand, need a host cell to live and reproduce.
Accordingly, it is convenient and customary to regard them as obligate intracellular parasites. Among the Vespidae family, Vespula austriaca is an example of an obligate reproductive parasite; its common host is Vespula acadica. [3] In the genus Bombus, B. bohemicus is an obligate parasite of B. locurum, B. cryptarum, and B. terrestris. [4]
As obligate intracellular parasites, they must live and reproduce within an animal cell. Coccidian parasites infect the intestinal tracts of animals, [2] and are the largest group of apicomplexan protozoa. Infection with these parasites is known as coccidiosis. Coccidia can infect all mammals, some birds, some fish, some reptiles, and some ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 January 2025. Relationship between species where one organism lives on or in another organism, causing it harm "Parasite" redirects here. For other uses, see Parasite (disambiguation). A fish parasite, the isopod Cymothoa exigua, replacing the tongue of a Lithognathus Parasitism is a close ...
Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram-negative bacterium that replicates exclusively within a host cell, making it an obligate intracellular pathogen. [3] Over the course of its life cycle, C. trachomatis takes on two distinct forms to facilitate infection and replication.
[15] [16] [17] Because the organism is an obligate intracellular parasite, it lacks many necessary genes for independent survival, causing difficulty in culturing the organism. The complex and unique cell wall that makes members of the genus Mycobacterium difficult to destroy is also the reason for its extremely slow replication rate.
Being obligate intracellular bacteria, rickettsias depend on entry, growth, and replication within the cytoplasm of living eukaryotic host cells (typically endothelial cells). [9] Accordingly, Rickettsia species cannot grow in artificial nutrient culture; they must be grown either in tissue or embryo cultures.
As a chemoorganoheterotroph, Treponema pallidum is an obligate parasite that acquires its glucose carbon source from its host. Glucose can be used not only as a primary carbon source but also in glycolytic mechanisms to generate ATP needed to power the bacterium given its minimal genome. [5]