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Different food preservation methods have different impacts on the quality of the food and food systems. Some traditional methods of preserving food have been shown to have a lower energy input and carbon footprint compared to modern methods. [3] [2] Some methods of food preservation are also known to create carcinogens.
Additionally, the hurdle effect of food preservation, such as by adding lactic acid bacteria and salt to a food product, is illustrated and described. [11] [12] [13] This figure illustrates the pathway of food preservation followed by lactic acid bacteria involving nisin, as well as the pathway of food preservation followed by salt ...
A paper-lined kangina, opened to access the grapes stored inside Closed kangina. Kangina [a] (Dari: کنگینه, lit. 'treasure', Dari pronunciation: [kʌn'ɡiːnɜ]) [1] [2] is the traditional Afghan technique of preserving fresh fruit, particularly grapes, in airtight discs (also called kangina) formed from mud and straw.
Microbial food cultures are live bacteria, yeasts or moulds used in food production. Microbial food cultures carry out the fermentation process in foodstuffs. Used by humans since the Neolithic period (around 10 000 years BC) [1] fermentation helps to preserve perishable foods and to improve their nutritional and organoleptic qualities (in this case, taste, sight, smell, touch).
While meat-preservation processes like curing were mainly developed in order to prevent disease and to increase food security, the advent of modern preservation methods mean that in most developed countries today, curing is instead mainly practiced for its cultural value and desirable impact on the texture and taste of food.
The following methods have been determined to be unsafe food preservation techniques: [10] [11] Open-kettle — Heating food in an open kettle, then pouring into jars, closing with a lid, and not further processing. Oven canning [12] Dry canning — Processing dry goods or vegetables without the addition of liquids in an oven [12] [13]