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md5sum is specific to systems that use GNU coreutils or a clone such as BusyBox.On FreeBSD and OpenBSD the utilities are called md5, sha1, sha256, and sha512.These versions offer slightly different options and features.
Typically distributed alongside sha1sum are sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum and sha512sum, which use a specific SHA-2 hash function and b2sum, [1] which uses the BLAKE2 cryptographic hash function. The SHA-1 variants are proven vulnerable to collision attacks , and users should instead use, for example, a SHA-2 variant such as sha256sum or the ...
The simplest checksum algorithm is the so-called longitudinal parity check, which breaks the data into "words" with a fixed number n of bits, and then computes the bitwise exclusive or (XOR) of all those words. The result is appended to the message as an extra word.
On Unix-like systems, similar functionality can be often obtained by combining find with hashing utilities such as md5sum, sha256sum or tthsum. md5deep exists for Windows and most Unix-based systems, including OS X. It is present in OS X's Fink, Homebrew and MacPorts projects. Binary packages exist for most free Unix systems.
File verification is the process of using an algorithm for verifying the integrity of a computer file, usually by checksum.This can be done by comparing two files bit-by-bit, but requires two copies of the same file, and may miss systematic corruptions which might occur to both files.
The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including:
File integrity monitoring (FIM) is an internal control or process that performs the act of validating the integrity of operating system and application software files using a verification method between the current file state and a known, good baseline.
sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum: Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests shuf: generate random permutations sort: sort lines of text files split: Splits a file into pieces sum: Checksums and counts the blocks in a file tac: Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line tail: Outputs the last part of files tr: Translates or ...