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This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
Good solvents are likely to be diethyl ether and hexane. (However, PE only dissolves at temperatures well above 100 °C.) (However, PE only dissolves at temperatures well above 100 °C.) Poly(styrene) has a solubility parameter of 9.1 cal 1/2 cm −3/2 , and thus ethyl acetate is likely to be a good solvent.
Diethyl ether is a popular non-polar solvent in liquid-liquid extraction. As an extractant, it is immiscible with and less dense than water. Although immiscible, it has significant solubility in water (6.05 g/(100 ml) at 25 °C [ 2 ] ) and dissolves 1.5 g/(100 g) (1.0 g/(100 ml)) water at 25 °C.
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Petroleum ether 0.656 Hexane 0.659 Heptane 0.684 Diethyl amine 0.707 Diethyl ether 0.713 Triethyl amine 0.728 tert-Butyl methyl ether 0.741 Cyclohexane 0.779 tert-Butyl alcohol 0.781 Isopropanol 0.785 Acetonitrile 0.786 Ethanol 0.789 Acetone 0.790 Methanol 0.791 Methyl isobutyl ketone 0.798 Isobutyl alcohol 0.802 1-Propanol 0.803
[10]: 275ff When one of the solvents is water and the other is a non-polar solvent, then the log P value is a measure of lipophilicity or hydrophobicity. [ 10 ] : 275ff [ 11 ] : 6 The defined precedent is for the lipophilic and hydrophilic phase types to always be in the numerator and denominator respectively; for example, in a biphasic system ...
The relative static permittivity of a solvent is a relative measure of its chemical polarity. For example, water is very polar, and has a relative static permittivity of 80.10 at 20 °C while n - hexane is non-polar, and has a relative static permittivity of 1.89 at 20 °C. [ 26 ]
Several entrainers can be used for this specific process: benzene, pentane, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, isooctane, acetone, and diethyl ether are all options as the mixture. [2] Of these benzene and cyclohexane have been used the most extensively, but since the identification of benzene as a carcinogen, toluene is used instead.