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Vacuum permittivity, commonly denoted ε 0 (pronounced "epsilon nought" or "epsilon zero"), is the value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum.It may also be referred to as the permittivity of free space, the electric constant, or the distributed capacitance of the vacuum.
The vacuum magnetic permeability (variously vacuum permeability, permeability of free space, permeability of vacuum, magnetic constant) is the magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum. It is a physical constant , conventionally written as μ 0 (pronounced "mu nought" or "mu zero").
In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or equivalently in newtons per ampere squared (N/A 2). The permeability constant μ 0, also known as the magnetic constant or the permeability of free space, is the proportionality between magnetic induction and magnetizing force when forming a magnetic field in a classical vacuum.
Another common term encountered for both absolute and relative permittivity is the dielectric constant which has been deprecated in physics and engineering [3] as well as in chemistry. [ 4 ] By definition, a perfect vacuum has a relative permittivity of exactly 1 whereas at standard temperature and pressure , air has a relative permittivity of ...
Permeability (electromagnetism), the degree of magnetization of a material in response to a magnetic field Vacuum permeability, permeability of free space or magnetic constant, a physical constant, the value of magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum
μ 0 ≈ 12.566 × 10 −7 H/m is the magnetic constant, also known as the permeability of free space, ε 0 ≈ 8.854 × 10 −12 F/m is the electric constant, also known as the permittivity of free space, c is the speed of light in free space, [9] [10] The reciprocal of Z 0 is sometimes referred to as the admittance of free space and ...
A closely related parameter is the permeability, which expresses the total magnetization of material and volume. The volume magnetic susceptibility , represented by the symbol χ v (often simply χ , sometimes χ m – magnetic, to distinguish from the electric susceptibility ), is defined in the International System of Units – in other ...
the permeability of free space. Note: in CGS units is taken to equal one. [28] g: the Landé g-factor: J(J + 1) the eigenvalue for eigenstate J 2 for the stationary states within the incomplete atoms shells (electrons unpaired) µ B: the Bohr magneton: k B: the Boltzmann constant: total magnetism: is N number of magnetic moments per unit volume ...