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When extruded into a filament, ABS plastic is a common material used in 3D printers, [26] as it is cheap, strong, has high stability and can be post-processed in various ways (sanding, painting, gluing, filling and chemical smoothing). When being used in a 3D printer, ABS is known to warp due to shrinkage that occurs while cooling during the ...
Plastic is not sold as a pure unadulterated substance, but is instead mixed with various chemicals and other materials, which are collectively known as additives. These are added during the compounding stage and include substances such as stabilizers , plasticizers and dyes , which are intended to improve the lifespan, workability or appearance ...
If the label of a piece of clothing says "acrylic", then it is made out of some copolymer of polyacrylonitrile. It was made into the spun fiber at DuPont in 1942 and marketed under the name of Orlon. Acrylonitrile is commonly employed as a comonomer with styrene, e.g. acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylate plastics.
It is a colorless, volatile liquid although commercial samples can be yellow due to impurities. It has a pungent odor of garlic or onions. [4] Its molecular structure consists of a vinyl group (−CH=CH 2) linked to a nitrile (−C≡N). It is an important monomer for the manufacture of useful plastics such as polyacrylonitrile.
Polystyrene (PS) / ˌ p ɒ l i ˈ s t aɪ r iː n / is a synthetic polymer made from monomers of the aromatic hydrocarbon styrene. [5] Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. General-purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and brittle. It is an inexpensive resin per unit weight. It is a poor barrier to air and water vapor and has a relatively low ...
The presence of chloride groups gives the polymer very different properties from the structurally related material polyethylene. [17] At 1.4 g/cm 3, PVC's density is also higher than structurally related plastics such as polyethylene (0.88–0.96 g/cm 3) and polymethylmethacrylate (1.18 g/cm 3).
The coefficient of friction of plastics is usually measured against polished steel. [36] PTFE's coefficient of friction is 0.05 to 0.10, [27] which is the third-lowest of any known solid material (aluminium magnesium boride (BAM) being the lowest, with a coefficient of friction of 0.02; diamond-like carbon being second-lowest at 0.05).
Since 2008, Japan has increased plastic recycling, but still has a large amount of plastic wrapping which goes to waste. Plastic recycling in Japan is a potential US$90 billion market. [26] It is possible to rapidly convert polyethylene to hydrogen and graphene by heating. The energy needed is much less than for producing hydrogen by electrolysis.