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Red Jacket (known as Otetiani [Always Ready] [1] in his youth and Sagoyewatha [Keeper Awake] Sa-go-ye-wa-tha as an adult because of his oratorical skills) (c. 1750 – January 20, 1830) was a Seneca orator and chief of the Wolf clan, based in Western New York. [2]
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The painting portrays the Indian chief dressed in full tribal regalia, standing on a slight elevation in the foreground with Niagara Falls as the backdrop. Prominently displayed is a replica of the medal given to Red Jacket by George Washington, which hangs from a chain around his neck. [ 2 ]
As a war chief, Cornplanter fought in the American Revolutionary War on the side of the British. After the war Cornplanter led negotiations with the United States and was a signatory of the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784), the Treaty of Canandaigua (1794), and other treaties. He helped ensure Seneca neutrality during the Northwest Indian War.
Red Jacket was a clipper ship, one of the largest and fastest ever built. [4] She was also the first ship of the White Star Line company. [ dubious – discuss ] She was named after Sagoyewatha , a famous Seneca Indian chief, called "Red Jacket" by settlers. [ 5 ]
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The artwork has been described as a "profound study of Indian character," a magnificent image of a "newly discovered and exotic race," and is composed of a "felicitous amalgam of the real and the ideal." [11] Some art historians, however, have taken a more critical approach to King's representation of Native Americans in this work. The ...
Young Omahaw, War Eagle, Little Missouri, and Pawnees portrays Chief War Eagle with a presidential peace medal, valued by Native Americans as a sign of status and worn on all formal occasions. King painted the chiefs with a war axe, blood-red face paint, and eagle feathers atop their heads, reinforcing the romantic image of Indians as savages.