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2. Choline - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choline

   The total choline intake mean estimate was 336 mg/day in pregnant adolescents and 356 mg/day in pregnant women. [6] A study based on the NHANES 2009–2012 survey estimated the choline intake to be too low in some US subpopulations. Intake was 315.2–318.8 mg/d in 2+ year olds between this time period.

3. Nutrition and pregnancy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition_and_pregnancy

   High doses of caffeine intake during pregnancy may increase the risk of miscarriage [48] and some major negative pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirth or low birth weight. [ 49 ] [ 50 ] A 2020 review called into question the safe levels proposed by the European Food Safety Authority, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ...

4. Glycerophosphorylcholine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerophosphorylcholine

   L-α-Glycerophosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC, choline alfoscerate, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a natural choline compound found in the brain. It is also a parasympathomimetic acetylcholine precursor [ 1 ] which has been investigated for its potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease [ 2 ] and other dementias .

5. Dietary Reference Intake - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_Reference_Intake

   Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), the daily dietary intake level of a nutrient considered sufficient by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine to meet the requirements of 97.5% of healthy individuals in each life stage and sex group. The definition implies that the intake level would cause a harmful nutrient deficiency in ...

6. Prenatal nutrition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_nutrition

   Prenatal nutrition addresses nutrient recommendations before and during pregnancy. Nutrition and weight management before and during pregnancy has a profound effect on the development of infants. This is a rather critical time for healthy development since infants rely heavily on maternal stores and nutrient for optimal growth and health ...

7. Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylethanolamine_N...

   Sp1 is a negative regulator of PEMT transcription, yet is it is a positive regulator of choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (CT) transcription. [7] [24] This is one of several examples of the reciprocal regulation of PEMT and CT in the PEMT and CDP-choline pathways. Estrogen has also been shown to be a positive regulator of hepatocyte PEMT ...

8. Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_physiological...

   Illustration of fundal height at various points during pregnancy. Some degree of weight gain is expected during pregnancy. The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 ...

9. Phosphatidylcholine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylcholine

   1-Oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup.They are a major component of biological membranes and can easily be obtained from a variety of readily available sources, such as egg yolk or soybeans, from which they are mechanically or chemically extracted using hexane.