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For ML a 4 L b 2, two isomers exist.These isomers of ML a 4 L b 2 are cis, if the L b ligands are mutually adjacent, and trans, if the L b groups are situated 180° to each other. It was the analysis of such complexes that led Alfred Werner to the 1913 Nobel Prize–winning postulation of octahedral complexes.
The system most often studied for the cis effect is an octahedral complex M(CO) 5 X where X is the ligand that will labilize a CO ligand cis to it. Unlike the trans effect, which is most often observed in 4-coordinate square planar complexes, the cis effect is observed in 6-coordinate octahedral transition metal complexes.
For octahedral complexes of formula MX 4 Y 2, two isomers also exist. (Here M is a metal atom, and X and Y are two different types of ligands.) In the cis isomer, the two Y ligands are adjacent to each other at 90°, as is true for the two chlorine atoms shown in green in cis-[Co(NH 3) 4 Cl 2] +, at left.
The complex is prepared by treatment of titanium tetrachloride with excess acetylacetone: [1] TiCl 4 + 2 Hacac → Ti(acac) 2 Cl 2 + 2 HCl. It is an octahedral complex that crystallizes as a racemic mixture of the chiral cis isomers. [2] It is fluxional in solution, as the result of rapid cis–trans equilibrium. [3]
Cisplatin, PtCl 2 (NH 3) 2, is a coordination complex of platinum(II) with two chloride and two ammonia ligands.It is one of the most successful anticancer drugs. A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands ...
The descriptors cis (Latin, on this side of) [2] and trans (Latin, over, beyond) [3] are used in various contexts for the description of chemical configurations: [4] [5] In organic structural chemistry , the configuration of a double bond can be described with cis and trans , in case it has a simple substitution pattern with only two residues.
A few octahedral homoleptic pyridine complexes are known. These complex cations are found in the salts [Ru(py) 6]Fe 4 (CO) 13 and [Ru(py) 6](BF 4) 2. [3] [4] Some compounds with the stoichiometry M(py) 6 (ClO 4) 2 have been reformulated as [M(py) 4 (ClO 4) 2]. (py) 2 [5] A common family of pyridine complexes are of the type [MCl 2 (py) 4] n+ ...
The ligand can bend so that one donor atom is at the pole and the remaining three are on the equator of the central atom. This is called cis-β (beta). The remaining octahedral positions are cis (adjacent) to each other. The triangles of coordinating atoms and the central atom have two coplanar atoms, and one perpendicular atom.