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A micrograph showing yolk sac tumour, with smooth external surface and capsule tears [citation needed] The ovarian yolk sac tumors, also known as endodermal sinus tumors, are accountable for approximately 15.5% of all OGCTs. [8] They have been observed in women particularly in their early ages, and rarely after 40 years of age. [9]
Yolk sac tumors grow quickly and recur easily, and are not easily treatable once they have recurred. Stage I yolk sac tumors are highly treatable, with a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 93%, but stage II-IV tumors are less treatable, with survival rates of 64–91%. [32]
An important key to distinguish it from other tumors, such as seminoma (vacuolated), teratocarcinoma (three differentiated germ layers), yolk sac tumor (Schiller–Duval bodies), and the Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor (strings of glands), is that the embryonal carcinoma cells are "trying" to evolve into their next stage of development.
Immature teratoma has one of the lowest rates of somatic mutation of any tumor type and results ... tumor known as yolk sac tumor or ... survival was 92.2% and 85.9% ...
Compared with germinomatous tumors, nongerminomatous tumors tend to grow faster, have an earlier mean age at time of diagnosis (around 25 years versus 35 years, in the case of testicular cancers), and have a lower five-year survival rate. The survival rate for germinomatous tumors is higher in part because these tumors are very sensitive to ...
Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) is a member of the germ cell tumor group of cancers. [1] It is the most common testicular tumor in children under three, [ 2 ] and is also known as infantile embryonal carcinoma .
The term "germinoma" most often refers to a tumor in the brain that has a histology identical to two other tumors, dysgerminoma in the ovary and seminoma in the testis. [3] Since 1994, MeSH has defined germinoma as "a malignant neoplasm of the germinal tissue of the gonads , mediastinum , or pineal region" [ 4 ] and within its scope included ...
In the past, survival rates were low for high-grade immature teratomas. Norris et al. (1976), reported a survival rate of 82% for patients with grade 1 tumors, 62% for grade 2 and 30% for grade 3 tumors. [23] However, these results antedate the use of multi-agent chemotherapy. [8]