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Squatting in Brazil is the occupation of unused or derelict buildings or land without the permission of the owner. After attempting to eradicate slums in the 1960s and 1970s, local governments transitioned to a policy of toleration.
Slum clearance removes the slum, but neglecting the needs of the community or its people, does not remove the causes that create and maintain the slum. [5] [6] Similarly, plans to remove slums in several non-Western contexts have proven ineffective without sufficient housing and other support for the displaced communities.
Rocinha is the largest hill favela in Rio de Janeiro (as well as in Brazil and the second largest slum and shanty town in Latin America). Although Favelas are found in urban areas throughout Brazil, many of the more famous ones exist in Rio. Rio's Santa Teresa neighborhood features favelas (right) contrasted with more affluent houses (left).
As the slum clearance movement gathered pace, deprived areas such as Old Nichol were fictionalised to raise awareness in the middle classes in the form of moralist novels such as A Child of the Jago (1896) resulting in slum clearance and reconstruction programmes such as the Boundary Estate (1893-1900) and the creation of charitable trusts such ...
The violence in Rocinha is one sign of the backsliding since the launch of a "pacification" program in 2008 to reduce violence by pushing out drug gangs.
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The Landmark Achievements of Brazil's Social Movement for Children's Rights: The Social Apartheid in Brazil, New Designs for Youth Development, v.14-3, Fall 1998. Eakin, Marshall Craig. Brazil: The Once and Future Country, Palgrave Macmillan, 1997, ISBN 0-312-16200-6. Erdentuğ, Aygen and Colombijn, Freek.
The Landless Workers' Movement (Portuguese: Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, MST) is a social movement in Brazil aimed at land reform. Inspired by Marxism , [ 1 ] it is the largest such movement [ 2 ] in Latin America , with an estimated informal membership of 1.5 million [ 3 ] across 23 of Brazil's 26 states.