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The anterior portion of the pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the gonads produce estrogen and testosterone. In oviparous organisms (e.g. fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds), the HPG axis is commonly referred to as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis (HPGL-axis) in females.
In the testes, testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells. [159] The male generative glands also contain Sertoli cells, which require testosterone for spermatogenesis. Like most hormones, testosterone is supplied to target tissues in the blood where much of it is transported bound to a specific plasma protein, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).
Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of the testes and interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). [1][2] They are polyhedral in shape and have a large, prominent nucleus, an eosinophilic cytoplasm, and numerous lipid ...
The thyroid secretes thyroxine, the pituitary secretes growth hormone, the pineal secretes melatonin, the testis secretes testosterone, and the ovaries secretes estrogen and progesterone. [2] Glands that signal each other in sequence are often referred to as an axis, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.
Androgens are synthesized from cholesterol and are produced primarily in the gonads (testicles and ovaries) and also in the adrenal glands. The testicles produce a much higher quantity than the ovaries. Conversion of testosterone to the more potent DHT occurs in prostate gland, liver, brain and skin.
Hypothalamic–pituitary hormones are hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Although the organs in which they are produced are relatively small, the effects of these hormones cascade throughout the body. They can be classified as a hypothalamic–pituitary axis (HP axis) of which the adrenal (HPA), gonadal (HPG ...
anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), secreted during the early stages of fetal life; inhibin and activins, secreted after puberty, work together to regulate FSH secretion; androgen-binding protein (also called testosterone-binding globulin) increases testosterone concentration in the seminiferous tubules to lightly stimulate spermatogenesis
To offset the higher testosterone levels, your body secretes less luteinizing hormone, which reduces how much testosterone is made in your testes. Beyond this, more testosterone binds to proteins ...