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But if is substituted for in the original equation, the result is the invalid equation =. This counterintuitive result occurs because in the case where x = 0 {\displaystyle x=0} , multiplying both sides by x {\displaystyle x} multiplies both sides by zero, and so necessarily produces a true equation just as in the first example.
The equation is = and solutions in natural numbers n and x exist just when n = 3, 4, 5, 7 and 15 (sequence A060728 in the OEIS).. This was conjectured in 1913 by Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, proposed independently in 1943 by the Norwegian mathematician Wilhelm Ljunggren, and proved in 1948 by the Norwegian mathematician Trygve Nagell.
In elementary algebra, the binomial theorem (or binomial expansion) describes the algebraic expansion of powers of a binomial.According to the theorem, the power (+) expands into a polynomial with terms of the form , where the exponents and are nonnegative integers satisfying + = and the coefficient of each term is a specific positive integer ...
The binomial approximation for the square root, + + /, can be applied for the following expression, + where and are real but .. The mathematical form for the binomial approximation can be recovered by factoring out the large term and recalling that a square root is the same as a power of one half.
The sum is taken over all combinations of nonnegative integer indices k 1 through k m such that the sum of all k i is n. That is, for each term in the expansion, the exponents of the x i must add up to n. [2] [a] In the case m = 2, this statement reduces to that of the binomial theorem. [2]
Mathieu functions arise when separation of variables in elliptic coordinates is applied to 1) the Laplace equation in 3 dimensions, and 2) the Helmholtz equation in either 2 or 3 dimensions. Since the Helmholtz equation is a prototypical equation for modeling the spatial variation of classical waves, Mathieu functions can be used to describe a ...
This approximation is good to more than 8 decimal digits for z with a real part greater than 8. Robert H. Windschitl suggested it in 2002 for computing the gamma function with fair accuracy on calculators with limited program or register memory.
For example, the equation x + y = 2x – 1 is solved for the unknown x by the expression x = y + 1, because substituting y + 1 for x in the equation results in (y + 1) + y = 2(y + 1) – 1, a true statement. It is also possible to take the variable y to be the unknown, and then the equation is solved by y = x – 1.