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A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, ... This situation, based on historical precedence, has created a peculiar situation among monarchies, as:
The history of the monarchy of the United Kingdom and its evolution into a constitutional and ceremonial monarchy is a major theme in the historical development of the British constitution. [1] The British monarchy traces its origins to the petty kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England and early medieval Scotland , which consolidated into the kingdoms ...
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was created by the Acts of Union 1800. [70] The union of Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom occurred in 1801 under George III. From 1811 to 1820, George III was rendered incapable of ruling by mental illness. His son, the future George IV, ruled in his stead as Prince Regent.
Oliver Cromwell united the whole of the British Isles by force and created the Commonwealth of England. The Stuart kings overestimated the power of the English monarchy, and were cast down by Parliament in 1645 and 1688.
When Benjamin Franklin was asked on the last day of the convention in 1787 whether the delegates had created a monarchy or a republic, Franklin famously responded: “a republic, if you can keep ...
The power of the absolute monarchy was reduced when it became the French Protectorate of Cambodia from 1863 to 1953. It returned to an absolute monarchy from 1953 until the establishment of a republic following the 1970 coup. The monarchy was restored as a constitutional monarchy in 1993 with the king as a largely symbolic figurehead.
By the 20th century, the British monarchy had become a constitutional and ceremonial monarchy, and Parliament developed into a representative body exercising parliamentary sovereignty. [2] Initially, the constitutional systems of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom developed separately under English domination.
Parliament had not always submitted to the wishes of the Tudor monarchs. But parliamentary criticism of the monarchy reached new levels in the 17th century. When the last Tudor monarch, Elizabeth I, died in 1603, King James VI of Scotland came to power as King James I, founding the Stuart monarchy.