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The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work (energy) required. [1] [2] Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs. The COP is used in thermodynamics.
Typical EER for residential central cooling units = 0.875 × SEER. SEER is a higher value than EER for the same equipment. [1] A more detailed method for converting SEER to EER uses this formula: EER = −0.02 × SEER² + 1.12 × SEER [2] Note that this method is used for benchmark modeling only and is not appropriate for all climate conditions ...
The formula for ESEER can then be presented as follows: ESEER = (EER@100% load × 0.03) + (EER@75% load × 0.33) + (EER@50% load × 0.41) + (EER@25% load × 0.23) [ 1 ] Eurovent publishes EER and ESEER values in its Directory of Certified Products together with cooling capacity and power input for standard conditions at full load for a wide ...
Example: For a heat pump delivering 120,000,000 BTU during the season, when consuming 15,000 kWh, the HSPF can be calculated as : HSPF = 120000000 (BTU) / (1000) / 15000 (kWh) HSPF = 8. The HSPF is related to the non-dimensional Coefficient of Performance (COP) for a heat pump, which measures the ratio of heat delivered to work done by the ...
For a heat engine, thermal efficiency is the ratio of the net work output to the heat input; in the case of a heat pump, thermal efficiency (known as the coefficient of performance or COP) is the ratio of net heat output (for heating), or the net heat removed (for cooling) to the energy input (external work). The efficiency of a heat engine is ...
A chart of accounts (COA) is a list of financial accounts and reference numbers, grouped into categories, such as assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses, and used for recording transactions in the organization's general ledger. Accounts may be associated with an identifier (account number) and a caption or header and are coded by ...
The annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE; pronounced 'A'-'Few' or 'A'-'F'-'U'-'E') is a thermal efficiency measure of space-heating furnaces and boilers.The AFUE differs from the true 'thermal efficiency' in that it is not a steady-state, peak measure of conversion efficiency, but instead attempts to represent the actual, season-long, average efficiency of that piece of equipment ...
As an example the combustion process inside a power stations gas turbine is highly irreversible and approximately 25% of the exergy input will be destroyed here. For fossil fuels the free enthalpy of reaction is usually only slightly less than the enthalpy of reaction so from equations ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) we can see that the energy efficiency will ...