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In 2005, a prototype of the first post-tensioned spiral stone staircase was made, called "Escalier Ridolfi". It was designed by Claudio D'Amato and Giuseppe Fallacara. [41] In 2006, the full-scale Escalier Ridolfi staircase was presented at the Venice Biennale of Architecture, constructed by Ateliers Romeo stonemasons [42]
A dog-leg staircase A quarter-landing, on a dog-leg staircase, is made into an architectural feature, by the use of arches, vaulting and stained glass. A dog-leg is a configuration of stairs between two floors of a building, often a domestic building, in which a flight of stairs ascends to a quarter-landing before turning at a right angle and continuing upwards. [1]
Stair nosing, especially in commercial and industrial settings, are typically fitted with a non-slip surface to increase traction and prevent injury or even death from slips, trips, and falls. The National Safety Council reports that there are over one million stair-related accidents every year. [ 2 ]
Concrete shear walls are reinforced with both horizontal and vertical reinforcement (Figure 4). A reinforcement ratio is defined as the ratio of the gross concrete area for a section taken orthogonal to the reinforcement. Construction codes of practice define maximum and minimum amounts of reinforcement as well as the detailing of steel bars.
A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades, and additional parts. [4] In buildings, stairs is a term applied to a complete flight of steps between two floors. A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps
An under-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tensile reinforcement is smaller than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel (under-reinforced at tensile face). When the reinforced concrete element is subject to increasing bending moment, the tension steel yields while the concrete does ...
BS 4482: Steel wire for the reinforcement of concrete products. Specification (2005) BS 4483: Steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete. Specification (2005) BS 6744: Stainless steel bars for the reinforcement of and use in concrete. Requirements and test methods. (2001/2009) DIN 488-1: Reinforcing steels - Part 1: Grades, properties ...
Good lighting is important in a staircase so users see where they are going and to prevent falls. [6] There is often a window on the wall to let in daylight.In many cases, indoor stairs are placed far inside the building structure, and it is often not easy to get access to a wall on the outside where it would be natural to have a regular window for letting daylight in.