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Space is the area around, above, and within an object. Photographers can capture space, architects build space, and painters create space. This element is found in each of the visual arts. It can be positive or negative, open or closed, shallow or deep, and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.
Positive space refers to the areas of the work with a subject, while negative space is the space without a subject. [6] Open and closed space coincides with three-dimensional art, like sculptures, where open spaces are empty, and closed spaces contain physical sculptural elements.
A form is an artist's way of using elements of art, principles of design, and media. Form, as an element of art, is three-dimensional and encloses space. Like a shape, a form has length and width, but it also has depth. Forms are either geometric or free-form, and can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
Positive space is the idea that any part of a photo that includes the subject, stands out from the rest of the photo. It is key component in most photographs that helps convey emotions towards an audience. The technique can illustrate emotions ranging from crowdedness, to power, to chaos, or even to movement in a photo.
The use of negative space is a key element of artistic composition. The Japanese word "ma" is sometimes used for this concept, for example in garden design. [2] [3] [4] In a composition, the positive space has the more visual weight while the surrounding space - that is less visually important is seen as the negative space.
The concept of space as a positive entity is opposed to the absence of such a principle in a correlated "Japanese" notion of space. Though commonly used to refer to literal, visible negative space, ma may also refer to the perception of a space, gap or interval, without necessarily requiring a physical compositional element.
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Spatiality is a term used in architecture for characteristics that, looked at from a certain aspect, define the quality of a space. [1] In comparison to the term spaciousness, which includes formal, dimensional determination of size—depth, width or height—spatiality is a higher category term.