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Vaping is linked to impairment of cognitive processes, increased mood disorders and addiction, damage to functions such as memory, reasoning, impulse control, and attention. [169] A 202 study reported lower gene expression, reducing occludin , which compromises the stability and strength of the blood-brain-barrier, resulting in neurovascular ...
E-cigarette aerosol, e-liquids, flavoring, and the metallic coil can cause oxidative stress, and the growing brain is uniquely susceptible to the detrimental effects of oxidative stress. [100] As indicated in the limited research from animal studies, there is the potential for induced changes in neurocognitive growth among children who have ...
Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine.Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hunger, weight gain, and difficulty concentrating.
U.S. health officials are investigating reports of 380 confirmed and probable cases of serious lung illnesses and at least six deaths linked to use of electronic cigarettes or vaping devices in 36 ...
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A 2018 Cochrane review found that, in rare cases, nicotine replacement therapy can cause non-ischemic chest pain (i.e., chest pain that is unrelated to a heart attack) and heart palpitations, but does not increase the incidence of serious cardiac adverse events (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac death) relative to controls.
Graphical comparison of mood swings, compared with bipolar disorder and cyclothymia. A mood swing is an extreme or sudden change of mood.Such changes can play a positive or a disruptive part in promoting problem solving and in producing flexible forward planning. [1]
Smoking is often portrayed in the media as ‘cool’ and is associated with images of relaxation, success, and freedom. [56] One study examining adolescents’ perceptions of smoking in the media found that students are more likely to identify with the stress-relieving and pleasurable effects of cigarette smoking, even when they are aware of ...