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Let A : (a,b) → R 2 be a parametric plane curve, in coordinates A(t) = (x(t),y(t)), and B be another (unparameterized) curve. Suppose, as before, that the curve A tends to infinity. The curve B is a curvilinear asymptote of A if the shortest distance from the point A(t) to a point on B tends to zero as t → b.
The domain of f and g can be any set for which the limit is defined: e.g. real numbers, complex numbers, positive integers. The same notation is also used for other ways of passing to a limit: e.g. x → 0, x ↓ 0, | x | → 0. The way of passing to the limit is often not stated explicitly, if it is clear from the context.
In other words, as one moves along B in some direction, the distance between it and the asymptote A eventually becomes smaller than any distance that one may specify. If a curve A has the curve B as an asymptote, one says that A is asymptotic to B. Similarly B is asymptotic to A, so A and B are called asymptotic.
The field of asymptotics is normally first encountered in school geometry with the introduction of the asymptote, a line to which a curve tends at infinity.The word Ασύμπτωτος (asymptotos) in Greek means non-coincident and puts strong emphasis on the point that approximation does not turn into coincidence.
The positive integers may be partially ordered by divisibility: if a divides b (that is, if b is an integer multiple of a) write a ≤ b (or equivalently, b ≥ a). (Note that the usual magnitude-based definition of ≤ is not used here.) Under this ordering, the positive integers become a lattice, with meet given by the gcd and join given by ...
The inverse function only produces numerical values in the set of real numbers between its two asymptotes, which are now vertical instead of horizontal like in the forward Gompertz function. Outside of the range defined by the vertical asymptotes, the inverse function requires computing the logarithm of negative numbers.
The constant b translates the graph horizontally left b units when b > 0, or right when b < 0. The constant c translates the graph vertically up c units when c > 0 or down when c < 0. The asymptotes of a truncus are found at x = -b (for the vertical asymptote) and y = c (for the horizontal asymptote).
The number of steps to calculate the GCD of two natural numbers, a and b, may be denoted by T(a, b). [96] If g is the GCD of a and b, then a = mg and b = ng for two coprime numbers m and n. Then T(a, b) = T(m, n) as may be seen by dividing all the steps in the Euclidean algorithm by g. [97]