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Parke-Davis also produced the broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol, which was a blockbuster product before the discovery of its association with aplastic anemia. Other products popularized by the company included anti-infectives and brands of combined oral contraceptive pills .
Mildred Rebstock and Eugene H. Payne. Payne had run the first clinical trials with chloromycetin. [13] Because of her groundbreaking research, Time Magazine devoted an article to her in 1949, noting that "the achievement was due to teamwork. But a large part of the credit goes to pretty Dr. Mildred Rebstock, a 28-year-old research chemist."
Chloramphenicol(Bs) Chloromycetin: Meningitis, MRSA, topical use, or for low-cost internal treatment. Historic: typhus, cholera. Gram-negative, Gram-positive, anaerobes: Rarely: aplastic anemia. Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome Fosfomycin: Monurol, Monuril: Acute cystitis in women
Its use near the end of pregnancy and during breastfeeding is typically not recommended. [7] Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that typically stops bacterial growth by stopping the production of proteins. [5] Chloramphenicol was discovered after being isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae in 1947. [8]
Unacceptably high risk of irreversible, fatal aplastic anemia and gray baby syndrome causes intravenous chloramphenicol to be a drug of last resort. [5] Colistin — used against certain life-threatening infections, such as those caused by Pseudomonas; carries risk of kidney and nerve damage.
The antibiotics chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and tetracycline have been known to inactivate aminoglycosides in general by pharmacological antagonism. [ 9 ] The effect of amikacin is increased when used with drugs derived from the botulinum toxin , [ 17 ] anesthetics , neuromuscular blocking agents, or large doses of blood that contains citrate ...
A combination cream with triamcinolone acetonide is available for the treatment of infected allergic dermatitis in humans. [5]In veterinary medicine, chlortetracycline is commonly used to treat conjunctivitis in cats, [6] dogs and horses.
A second generation of antibiotics was introduced in the 1940s: aureomycin and chloramphenicol. Aureomycin was the best known of the second generation. [citation needed] Lithium was discovered in the 19th century for nervous disorders and its possible mood-stabilizing or prophylactic effect; it was cheap and easily produced.