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Some of the oldest known structures which have served as citadels were built by the Indus Valley civilisation, where citadels represented a centralised authority. Citadels in Indus Valley were almost 12 meters tall. [2] The purpose of these structures, however, remains debated.
Located in Aleppo Governorate, five stone towers were found at Tell Qaramel; dated to the period from the middle of the 11th millennium BCE to about 9650 BCE, making them the oldest structures of this type in the world. Göbeklitepe: Turkey: Asia: 9500-7500 BCE Unknown/likely temple Oldest temple in the world. Durankulak: Bulgaria: Europe: 5500 ...
The Citadel of Aleppo (Arabic: قلعة حلب, romanized: Qalʿat Ḥalab) is a large medieval fortified palace in the centre of the old city of Aleppo, northern Syria. It is considered to be one of the oldest and largest castles in the world. Usage of the Citadel hill dates back at least to the middle of the 3rd millennium BC.
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There were circa 30 city-palaces; most of them located along the perimeter of the citadel. [28] The oldest surviving house that can be securely dated through an inscription was built in 1893. The oldest houses can be found on the southeastern side of the mound, whereas houses on the northern perimeter date to the 1930s–1940s.
The Tower of David (Hebrew: מגדל דוד, romanized: Migdál Davíd), also known as the Citadel (Arabic: القلعة, romanized: al-Qala'a), is an ancient citadel and contemporary museum, located near the Jaffa Gate entrance to the Old City of Jerusalem. The citadel that stands today dates to the Mamluk and Ottoman periods.
The Acropolis of Athens (Ancient Greek: ἡ Ἀκρόπολις τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, romanized: hē Akropolis tōn Athēnōn; Modern Greek: Ακρόπολη Αθηνών, romanized: Akrópoli Athinón) is an ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, Greece, and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historical significance ...
[3] [4] [5] Despite this gap, the Citadel of Amman is considered to be among the world's oldest continuously inhabited places. [6] Most of the structures still visible at the site are from the Roman, Byzantine, and Umayyad periods. [7] The major remains at the site are the Temple of Hercules, a Byzantine church, and the Umayyad Palace.