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  2. Patina - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patina

    Copper roof on the Minneapolis City Hall, coated with patina The Dresden Frauenkirche.The church was destroyed during the bombing of Dresden in 1945 and then rebuilt from 1993 to 2005 with new material; the stones with the black patina are the parts that survived the firebombing from the original 18th-century church.

  3. Verdigris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdigris

    The Statue of Liberty, showing advanced patination; verdigris is responsible for the statue's iconic green colour.. Verdigris (/ ˈ v ɜːr d ɪ ɡ r iː (s)/) [1] is a common name for any of a variety of somewhat toxic [2] [3] [4] copper salts of acetic acid, which range in colour from green to a bluish-green depending on their chemical composition.

  4. Chemical coloring of metals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_coloring_of_metals

    Brown or black can be used as a base color for copper patina. If the amount of chlorides decreases the color will be more bluish-green, if carbonate decreases, more yellow-green. [27] Black for copper. Solution of sodium polysulfide 2.5%, items must be submerged in the solution after color developing, wash, dry and wax or varnish colored object ...

  5. Conservation and restoration of metals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    Similar to many other bronze statues, the statue of Joseph of Portugal had an interventive conservation treatment. The conservation decision made to remove the patina most likely happened for two reasons. Firstly, it improves the visual impression of the statue; and secondly, the patina is a corrosive process slowly destroying the metal.

  6. Tarnish - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnish

    Unlike wear patina necessary in applications such as copper roofing, outdoor copper, bronze, and brass statues and fittings, chemical patina is considered a lot more uneven and undesirable. [2] Patina is the name given to tarnish on copper-based metals, while toning is a term for the type of tarnish which forms on coins.

  7. Liver of sulfur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_of_sulfur

    The reactivity of liver of sulfur with silver and copper quickly creates a dark or colored patina on the metal. This is done by immersing the metal object in a solution of liver of sulfur and water. When treating silver, the solution must be hot, though if the bath is brought to its boiling point the liver of sulfur will quickly decompose and ...

  8. Trump sues Truth Social co-founders, says they're not ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/trump-sues-truth-social-co...

    Former President Donald Trump has sued the co-founders of Truth Social, alleging they mismanaged the social media platform early on and should therefore lose their stock in the company, which ...

  9. Green pigments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_pigments

    Its name comes from the natural pigments that form a patina on copper, bronze, and brass as it ages. [2] The most famous example is the green patina that formed on the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. In the Middle Ages, the patina was made by attaching copper strips to a wooden block with acetic acid, then burying the sealed block in dung ...