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In addition, both electric motors now are used as motors and generators; motor/generator A uses ferrite magnets and has an output of 48 kW (64 hp) / 118 N⋅m (87 lbf⋅ft), while motor/generator B uses rare earth magnets and has an output of 87 kW (117 hp) / 280 N⋅m (210 lbf⋅ft).
A 5 hp electric motor powered by four 6-volt batteries gave the craft a maximum possible speed of 4.4 knots (8.1 km/h). At a crusing speed of 3.1 knots (5.7 km/h), it could travel 30 to 40 nautical miles (56 to 74 km). Its maximum operating depth was 50 feet (15 m). [9]
A ZQDR-410 traction motor (the large, dark component on the axle with small ventilation holes) A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, or electric multiple unit trains.
Such a vehicle conceptually resembles a diesel–electric locomotive with the addition of a battery that may power the vehicle without running the ICE and acting as an energy buffer that is used to accelerate and achieve greater speed; the generator may simultaneously charge the battery and power the electric motor that moves the vehicle.
Electric motors have efficiencies ranging from around 15%-20% for shaded pole motors, up to 98% for permanent magnet motors, [101] [102] [103] with efficiency also dependent on load. Peak efficiency is usually at 75% of the rated load. So (as an example) a 10 HP motor is most efficient when driving a load that requires 7.5 HP. [104]
Electric motors can deliver their maximum torque over a wide RPM range. This means that the performance of a vehicle with a 100 kW electric motor exceeds that of a vehicle with a 100 kW internal combustion engine, which can only deliver its maximum torque within a limited range of engine speed.