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According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. If there are carbon -carbon multiple bonds , there are four digits in all: the number of these bonds is the first digit and the number of carbon atoms minus one (C-1) is next.
OCTG – oil country tubular goods (oil well casing, tubing, and drill pipe) [23] OD – outer diameter (of a tubular component such as casing [citation needed]) ODT – oil down to; OFE – oil field equipment; OFST – offset vertical seismic profile; OEM – original equipment manufacturer; OFIC – offshore interim completion certificate
HC-12a, also called ES-12a, OZ-12a, DURACOOL 12a [1] and Hydrocarbon Blend B, is marketed as a "drop-in" replacement refrigerant for R-12 and other refrigerants. HC-12a is a mixture of hydrocarbons, specifically propane (R-290) and isobutane (R-600a), and is therefore considered nearly non-ozone-depleting.
This refrigerant was designed as a drop-in replacement for dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) which is compatible with the typical mineral oil lubricants used in R-12 systems. Since it is a zeotropic mixture , it has a range of boiling points which may increase the effectiveness of the heat transfer elements in refrigeration equipment.
It has varying oil content from nil oil (synthetic coolant). This coolant can either keep its phase and stay liquid or gaseous, or can undergo a phase transition, with the latent heat adding to the cooling efficiency. The latter, when used to achieve below-ambient temperature, is more commonly known as refrigerant.
For example, refrigeration and air conditioning systems are increasingly utilized by humans within a warming environment. [4] Likewise, expansions of electrical infrastructure, as driven by the alternatives to fossil fuels, has led to rising demand for SF 6 . [ 5 ]