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PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk or Bank Mandiri, headquartered in Jakarta, [2] is the largest bank in Indonesia in terms of assets, loans and deposits. [3] Total assets as of 2022, were 1.992 Trillion rupiah (around US$133 Billion).
A value chain is a progression of activities that a business or firm performs in order to deliver goods and services of value to an end customer.The concept comes from the field of business management and was first described by Michael Porter in his 1985 best-seller, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance.
Chapter 4 (“The governance of global value chains,” co-authored by Gereffi, Humphrey and Sturgeon) is the top-cited GVC article with over 11,000 Google Scholar citations; chapters 2 and 3 have over 5,000 citations each; and chapters 5, 6, 8, 11 and 14 each have over 1,000 citations.
Within global value chains, the distribution of returns between firms in the formal sector and women in the informal sector is disproportionate. In Zimbabwe's non-traditional agricultural exports value chains (NTAE), women accounted for only 12% of total costs while exporters accounted for 30% importers for 12% and retailers for 46% of costs. [32]
Bank Mandiri Indonesia: 121.1 9 Bank Rakyat Indonesia Indonesia: 117.7 10 Public Bank Berhad Malaysia: 111.1 11 Krung Thai Bank Thailand: 107.7 12 Siam Commercial Bank Thailand: 101.4 13 Bank Central Asia Indonesia: 87.7 14 Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam Vietnam: 77.3 15 BDO Unibank Philippines: 69.5 16 RHB Bank Malaysia: 69.5 17
In 1990s the concept of value chain gained its credit among economists and business scholars. (Its prominent developer Michael Porter). The concept combined sequenced and interconnected activities in the process of value creation. Value chain concept focused on business activities, but not on the corporate power and institutional context.
Fjeldstad and Stabell define a value network as one of three ways by which an organisation generates value. [3] The others are the value shop and value chain. Their value networks consist of the following components: customers, a service that enables interaction among them, an organization to provide the service, and
Analysing the firm's activities as a linked chain is a tried and tested way of revealing value creation opportunities. The business economist Michael Porter of Harvard Business School pioneered a value chain approach: "the value chain disaggregates the firm into its strategically relevant activities in order to understand the costs and existing potential sources of differentiation". [3]