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In medicine a Busch fracture [1] is a type of fracture of the base of the distal phalanx of the fingers, produced by the removal of the bone insertion of the extensor tendon. Without the appropriate treatment, the finger becomes a hammer finger. It would correspond to the group B of the Albertoni classification. [2]
A mallet finger, also known as hammer finger or PLF finger or Hannan finger, is an extensor tendon injury at the farthest away finger joint. [2] This results in the inability to extend the finger tip without pushing it. [3] There is generally pain and bruising at the back side of the farthest away finger joint. [3]
Swan neck deformity has many of possible causes arising from the DIP, PIP, or even the MCP joints. In all cases, there is a stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint to allow hyperextension, plus some damage to the attachment of the extensor tendon to the base of the distal phalanx that produces a hyperflexed mallet finger.
Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to dislocate into the intermetacarpal space; the extensor tendon then acts as a flexor and the finger may no longer be actively extended. This may be corrected surgically by using a slip of the extensor tendon to replace the damaged ligamentous band [4]
The capsule, extensor tendon, and skin are very thin and lax dorsally, allowing for both phalanx bones to flex more than 100° until the base of the middle phalanx makes contact with the condylar notch of the proximal phalanx. [1] At the level of the PIP joint the extensor mechanism splits into three bands.
The extensor indicis proprius usually runs and inserts onto the ulnar side of the extensor digitorum communis of the index finger. [4] The fifth compartment is occupied by the extensor digiti minimi, the extensor of the little finger. The extensor carpi ulnaris passes through the sixth compartment to insert to the base of the fifth metacarpal bone.
The extensor tendon sheaths on the back of the wrist. De Quervain syndrome involves noninflammatory thickening of the tendons and the synovial sheaths that the tendons run through. The two tendons concerned are those of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus muscles. These two muscles run side by side and function to bring ...
The muscles of the hand are the skeletal muscles responsible for the movement of the hand and fingers. The muscles of the hand can be subdivided into two groups: the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle groups. The extrinsic muscle groups are the long flexors and extensors. They are called extrinsic because the muscle belly is located on the forearm ...