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Video hard drives, sometimes called "surveillance hard drives", are embedded into digital video recorders and provide a guaranteed streaming capacity, even in the face of read and write errors. [148] Drives embedded into automotive vehicles; they are typically built to resist larger amounts of shock and operate over a larger temperature range.
A disk drive is a device implementing such a storage mechanism. Notable types are hard disk drives (HDD), containing one or more non-removable rigid platters; the floppy disk drive (FDD) and its removable floppy disk; and various optical disc drives (ODD) and associated optical disc media.
That said, the price of high-capacity drives has fallen rapidly, and this is indeed an effect of density. The highest capacity drives use more platters, essentially individual hard drives within the case. As the density increases, the number of platters can be reduced, leading to lower costs. Hard drives are often measured in terms of cost per bit.
The capacity of hard drives has grown exponentially over time. When hard drives became available for personal computers, they offered 5-megabyte capacity. During the mid-1990s the typical hard disk drive for a PC had a capacity in the range of 500 megabyte to 1 gigabyte. [6] As of October 2024 hard disk drives up to 32 TB were available. [7]
Compared to flash drives in same form factor, maximum rotating disk drive capacity is much smaller, [citation needed] with 100 TB available in 2018, [1] and 32 TB for 2.5-inch. [ 2 ] The disk drive size, such as 3.5-inch, is usually refers to the diameter of the disk platters .
For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of user-accessible data, traditionally 512 bytes for hard disk drives (HDDs), and 2048 bytes for CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs. [1] Newer HDDs and SSDs use 4096 byte (4 KiB) sectors, which are known as the Advanced Format (AF). The sector is the minimum storage unit of a hard drive. [2]
5.45 × 10 9 bits (650 mebibytes) – capacity of a regular compact disc (CD) 5.89 × 10 9 bits (702 mebibytes) – capacity of a large regular compact disc 6.4 × 10 9 bits – capacity of the human genome (assuming 2 bits for each base pair) 6,710,886,400 bits – average size of a movie in Divx format in 2002. [6] gigabyte (GB)
Solid-state drive (SSD) Hard disk drive (HDD) Price per capacity SSDs are generally more expensive than HDDs and are expected to remain so. As of early 2018, SSD prices were around $0.30 per gigabyte for 4 TB models. [23] HDDs, as of early 2018, were priced around $0.02 to $0.03 per gigabyte for 1 TB models. [23] Storage capacity