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Micropipette in action. Piston-driven air displacement pipettes are a type of micropipette, which are tools to handle volumes of liquid in the microliter scale.They are more commonly used in biology and biochemistry, and less commonly in chemistry; the equipment is susceptible to damage from many organic solvents.
Positive displacement pipettes are a type of pipette that operates via piston-driven displacement. [1] [2] Unlike an air displacement pipette, which dispenses liquid using an air cushion in the pipette tip, the piston in a positive displacement pipette makes direct contact with the sample, allowing the aspiration force to remain constant.
When the pipette knob is pressed on an air displacement pipette, the piston inside the instrument moves down to let air out. Air is displaced by the piston. The volume of air displaced is equivalent to the volume of liquid aspirated. These pipettes are capable of being very precise and accurate.
As the piston moves upward, driven by the depression of the plunger, a vacuum is created in the space left vacant by the piston. The liquid around the tip moves into this vacuum (along with the air in the tip) and can then be transported and released as necessary. These pipettes are capable of being very precise and accurate.
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At that time, the usual method of liquid transfer was to use thin glass pipettes in which the fluids were aspirated directly or via a hose to the mouth. For this work, Heinrich Schnitger constructed, in the spring of 1957, in cooperation with the mechanical workshop of the Institute, a novel device with which it was possible to dispense small ...