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The Buran programme was an attempt by the Soviet Union to construct an orbital spaceplane to perform similar functions to the Space Shuttle. Similar to the Space Shuttle programme, an aerodynamic prototype and a number of operational spacecraft were planned for the Buran programme, [1] which were known as "Buran-class orbiters".
Buran (Russian: Буран, IPA:, lit. ' blizzard '; GRAU index serial number: 11F35 1K, construction number: 1.01) was the first spaceplane to be produced as part of the Soviet/Russian Buran program. Buran completed one uncrewed spaceflight in 1988, and was destroyed in 2002 due to the collapse of its storage hangar. [3]
The Buran SO, a docking module that was to be used for rendezvous with the Mir space station, was refitted for use with the U.S. Space Shuttles during the Shuttle–Mir missions. [46] The cost of a Buran launch carrying a 20-ton payload was estimated at 270 million roubles, vs 5.5 million roubles on the Proton rocket. [47]
Pages in category "Buran program" The following 19 pages are in this category, out of 19 total. ... List of Buran missions; S. Rimantas Stankevičius;
A restored test article from the Soviet Buran programme sits next to the museum entrance. The only completed orbiter, which flew a single orbital test mission in 1988, was destroyed in a hangar collapse in 2002. [40] [41] [42] For a complete list of surviving Buran vehicles and artefacts, see Buran programme § List of vehicles.
2K (GRAU index serial number 11F35 2K, NPO Molniya airframe number 1.02), often referred to as Ptichka (Russian: Птичка, "little bird", although this was also a nickname for all orbiters in the programme [2]), is the second Buran-class orbiter, produced as part of the Soviet/Russian Buran programme.
The 2.01 is the first of a second series of Buran-class orbiters. The design was improved using feedback from the earlier models of Buran-class shuttles, such as the flight of Buran and the construction of Ptichka. [1] Major changes include: Hull design optimized to save weight. Thermal protection system arrangement changed. Spoilers added to ...
By 1993, when the Buran program was cancelled, orbiter 2.02 was in an early stage of construction (10-20 percent). [3] Only forward fuselage with crew cabin was completed. The incomplete 2.02 was later partially dismantled at its construction site and moved to the outside of the Tushino Machine Building Plant, near Moscow.