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Chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, Refrigerant-40, R-40 or HCC 40, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 Cl. One of the haloalkanes , it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas.
Phase behavior Triple point: 175.43 K (–97.72 °C), 870 Pa Critical point: 416 K (143 °C), 6714.4 kPa Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o: 6.43 kJ/mol
The four common [a] members are fluoromethane, chloromethane, bromomethane and iodomethane. Historical name for this group is methyl halides ; it's still widely used. The compounds of this class are often described as CH 3 X or MeX (X - any halogen, Me - methyl group ).
The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Historically significant (as an anaesthetic), but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF 2) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon. [2]
Chloromethane: Methyl chloride Methylation agent; e.g., for methyl trichlorosilane CH 3 Cl: Dichloromethane: Methylene chloride Solvent CH 2 Cl 2: Trichloromethane Chloroform: Solvent CHCl 3: Trichlorofluoromethane: Freon-11, R-11 CFC-11 CCl 3 F: Dichlorodifluoromethane: Freon-12, R-12 CFC-12 CCl 2 F 2: Chlorotrifluoromethane: CFC-13 CClF 3 ...
DCM is produced by treating either chloromethane or methane with chlorine gas at 400–500 °C. At these temperatures, both methane and chloromethane undergo a series of reactions producing progressively more chlorinated products. In this way, an estimated 400,000 tons were produced in the US, Europe, and Japan in 1993. [12] CH 4 + Cl 2 → CH ...
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It was produced industrially from paraformaldehyde and a mixture of chlorosulfonic acid and sulfuric acid. [3] It is also produced as a byproduct in the Blanc chloromethylation reaction, formed when formaldehyde (the monomer, paraformaldehyde or formalin) and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed, and is a known impurity in technical grade chloromethyl methyl ether.