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Still of all the discoveries made in ancient Egypt, the most important discovery relating to ancient Egyptian knowledge of medicine is the Ebers Papyrus, named after its discoverer Georg Ebers. The Ebers Papyrus, conserved at the University of Leipzig, is considered one of the oldest treaties on medicine and the most important medical papyri ...
There were surgical procedures for abortion in ancient Rome, [90] but they were rarely used, and most abortions were conducted using herbs or other drugs. [91] When surgery was used, it involved the use of surgical instruments to penetrate the mother. Usually this procedure ended in the death of both the fetus and the mother. [92]
The use of preparations similar to opium in surgery is recorded in the Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian medical papyrus written in the Eighteenth Dynasty. [43] [45] [48] However, it is questionable whether opium itself was known in ancient Egypt. [49] The Greek gods Hypnos (Sleep), Nyx (Night), and Thanatos (Death) were often depicted holding poppies ...
dates to Dynasties 16–17 of the Second Intermediate Period in ancient Egypt, c. 1500 BC, but believed to be a copy from Old Kingdom, 3000–2500 BC: Hieratic: The oldest known surgical treatise on trauma: The vast majority of the papyrus is concerned with trauma and surgery, with short sections on gynaecology and cosmetics on the verso.
Surgery [a] is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or alter aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars ...
The Scottish James Henderson Nicoll (1863–1921) pioneered a surgical cure for Pyloric stenosis and outpatient care of children with Spina bifida, [29] and was known as the Father of Day Surgery. [ 30 ]
Medical services of the late Roman Republic and early Roman Empire were mainly imports from the civilization of ancient Greece, at first through Greek-influenced Etruscan society and Greek colonies placed directly in Italy, and then through Greeks enslaved during the Roman conquest of Greece, Greeks invited to Rome, or Greek knowledge imparted to Roman citizens visiting or being educated in ...
There were a variety of surgical tools in ancient Rome. [52] For example, bone levers were tools used to remove diseased bone tissue from the skull and to remove foreign objects (such as a weapon) from a bone. [53] [54] The ancient Romans were capable of performing techniques like cataract surgery and caesarean sections.