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[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine: [3] 2As + 5F 2 → 2AsF 5. It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and fluorine: AsF 3 + F 2 → AsF 5. or the addition of fluorine to arsenic pentoxide or arsenic trioxide. 2As 2 O 5 + 10F 2 → 4AsF 5 + 5O 2 2As 2 O 3 + 10F 2 → 4AsF 5 ...
Arsenic trichloride can be prepared by the reaction of arsenic oxide and sulfur monochloride. This method requires simple apparatus and proceeds efficiently: [8] 2 As 2 O 3 + 6 S 2 Cl 2 → 4 AsCl 3 + 3 SO 2 + 9 S. A convenient laboratory method is refluxing arsenic(III) oxide with thionyl chloride: [9] 2 As 2 O 3 + 3 SOCl 2 → 2 AsCl 3 + 3 SO 2
It has a pyramidal molecular structure in the gas phase which is also present in the solid. [3] In the gas phase the As-F bond length is 170.6 pm and the F-As-F bond angle 96.2°. [4] Arsenic trifluoride is used as a fluorinating agent for the conversion of non-metal chlorides to fluorides, in this respect it is less reactive than SbF 3. [3]
Arsenic is used as the group 15 element in the III-V semiconductors gallium arsenide, indium arsenide, and aluminium arsenide. [10] The valence electron count of GaAs is the same as a pair of Si atoms, but the band structure is completely different which results in distinct bulk properties. [11]
Arsenic trisulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula As 2 S 3. It is a dark yellow solid that is insoluble in water. It is a dark yellow solid that is insoluble in water. It also occurs as the mineral orpiment (Latin: auripigmentum), which has been used as a pigment called King's yellow.
Many arsenides of the group 13 elements (group III) are valuable semiconductors. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) features isolated arsenic centers with a zincblende structure (wurtzite structure can eventually also form in nanostructures), and with predominantly covalent bonding – it is a III–V semiconductor.
Molecular structures of arsenic allotropes. Top left: Gray (metallic) arsenic, rhombohedral structure. Bottom left: Black arsenic, orthorhombic structure. Right: Yellow arsenic, tetrahedral configuration. [1] Arsenic in the solid state can be found as gray, black, or yellow allotropes. These various forms feature diverse structural motifs, with ...