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  2. Star height problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_height_problem

    The first question was answered in the negative when in 1963, Eggan gave examples of regular languages of star height n for every n. Here, the star height h(L) of a regular language L is defined as the minimum star height among all regular expressions representing L. The first few languages found by Eggan are described in the following, by ...

  3. Stars and bars (combinatorics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stars_and_bars_(combinatorics)

    In combinatorics, stars and bars (also called "sticks and stones", [1] "balls and bars", [2] and "dots and dividers" [3]) is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It can be used to solve a variety of counting problems , such as how many ways there are to put n indistinguishable balls into k distinguishable bins. [ 4 ]

  4. Pattern matching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_matching

    The patterns generally have the form of either sequences or tree structures. Uses of pattern matching include outputting the locations (if any) of a pattern within a token sequence, to output some component of the matched pattern, and to substitute the matching pattern with some other token sequence (i.e., search and replace).

  5. Bitwise operations in C - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations_in_C

    Right shift can be used to divide a bit pattern by 2 as shown: i = 14 ; // Bit pattern 00001110 j = i >> 1 ; // here we have the bit pattern shifted by 1 thus we get 00000111 = 7 which is 14/2 Right shift operator usage

  6. Interpreter pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpreter_pattern

    Source: [3] A grammar for a simple language should be defined; so that sentences in the language can be interpreted. When a problem occurs very often, it could be considered to represent it as a sentence in a simple language (Domain Specific Languages) so that an interpreter can solve the problem by interpreting the sentence.

  7. Kleene star - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleene_star

    Given a set , define = {} (the language consisting only of the empty string), =, and define recursively the set + = {:} for each >. If is a formal language, then , the -th power of the set , is a shorthand for the concatenation of set with itself times.

  8. glob (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glob_(programming)

    C and C++ do not have built-in support for glob patterns in the ISO-defined standard libraries, however on Unix-like systems C and C++ may include <glob.h> from the C POSIX library to use glob(). C++ itself does not have direct support for glob patterns, however they may be approximated using the <filesystem> and <regex> headers, using std ...

  9. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    A class diagram exemplifying the singleton pattern. In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns, which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [1]