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The word seneschal (/ ˈ s ɛ n ə ʃ əl /) can have several different meanings, all of which reflect certain types of supervising or administering in a historic context.Most commonly, a seneschal was a senior position filled by a court appointment within a royal, ducal, or noble household during the Middle Ages and early Modern period – historically a steward or majordomo of a medieval ...
[2] The Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources (DMLBS) defines discifer as dish-bearer or sewer, [a] [4] and dapifer as an attendant at meals, a sewer or a steward. [5] Historians often translate discifer as seneschal, [6] but Gautier objects that the word seneschal is not recorded in England before the Norman Conquest. [2]
The Seneschal of Anjou (siniscallus, Vulgar or old Frankish Latin, also dapifer) was an officer of an aristocratic household assigned to manage the domestic affairs of the lords of Anjou. During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship also became an office of military command.
A castellan, or constable, was the governor of a castle in medieval Europe. Its surrounding territory was referred to as the castellany. Its surrounding territory was referred to as the castellany. The word stems from castellanus . [ 1 ]
The seneschal managed the household, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, treasury, and the chancellory or chapel. The seneschals of Normandy, like those appointed in Gascony, Poitou, and Anjou had custody of demesne fortresses, the regional treasuries, and presidency of the highest court of regional custom.
In Anjou, Stephen of Tours was replaced as seneschal and temporarily imprisoned for fiscal mismanagement. Payn de Rochefort, an Angevin knight, became seneschal of Anjou. In Poitou the ex-provost of Benon, Peter Bertin, was made seneschal, and finally, the household official Helie de La Celle was picked for the seneschalship in Gascony.
Here, at the rate of two daily sessions, worked the seneschal, appointed by the king, the juge-mage or lieutenant general, a senior lieutenant, a civil and criminal lieutenant, advisors and many subordinates, clerks, and others. The prisons, where the executioners operated — the last of whom was Jean Rascat (1759-1846) — were located in the ...
The Principality of Antioch mirrored the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem in its selection of great offices: constable, marshal, seneschal, chamberlain, butler, chancellor and at certain times also bailiff. The officers of the Principality of Antioch are listed below. Dates are dates of attestation, not necessarily beginning and end dates of tenure.