Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Sir John Bertrand Gurdon FRS (born 2 October 1933) is a British developmental biologist, best known for his pioneering research in nuclear transplantation [2] [3] [4] and cloning. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]
Although Dolly is generally recognized as the first animal to be cloned using this technique, earlier instances of SCNT exist as early as the 1950s. In particular, the research of Sir John Gurdon in 1958 entailed the cloning of Xenopus laevis utilizing the principles of SCNT. [5]
In 1958, John Gurdon, then at Oxford University, explained that he had successfully cloned a frog. He did this by using intact nuclei from somatic cells from a Xenopus tadpole. [40] This was an important extension of work of Briggs and King in 1952 on transplanting nuclei from embryonic blastula cells.
Cloning is the process of producing individual ... it had been shown by John Gurdon that nuclei from differentiated cells could give rise to an entire ...
The employment of adult somatic cells in lieu of embryonic stem cells for cloning emerged from the foundational work of John Gurdon, who cloned African clawed frogs in 1958 with this approach. The successful cloning of Dolly led to widespread advancements within stem cell research, including the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells. [4]
The first vertebrate ever to be cloned was an African clawed frog in 1962, [35] an experiment for which Sir John Gurdon was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent". [36]
During somatic cell nuclear transfer, the oocyte turns off tissue specific genes in the somatic cell nucleus and turns back on embryonic specific genes. This process has been shown through cloning, as seen through John Gurdon with the tadpoles [27] and Dolly the Sheep. [39] Notably, these events have shown that cell fate is a reversible process.
In 1958, John Gurdon, then at Oxford University, explained that he had successfully cloned a frog. He did this by using intact nuclei from somatic cells from a Xenopus tadpole. This was an important extension of work of Briggs and King in 1952 on transplanting nuclei from embryonic blastula cells.