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Rubella infection in pregnancy can result in various outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to congenital defects to miscarriage and fetal death. [3] [4] If infection occurs 0–11 weeks after conception, the infant has a 90% risk of being affected. [1] If the infection occurs 12–20 weeks after conception, the risk is 20%.
The other 50% are due to maternal or fetal infections, post-natal infections, viral infections due to rubella or cytomegalovirus, ototoxic drugs, [43] exposure to loud sounds, severe head trauma, and premature births [44]
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, [6] is an infection caused by the rubella virus. [3] This disease is often mild, with half of people not realizing that they are infected. [1] [7] A rash may start around two weeks after exposure and last for three days. [1] It usually starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the ...
A common condition that results in hearing loss is chronic ear infections. [2] Certain infections during pregnancy, such as cytomegalovirus, syphilis and rubella, may also cause hearing loss in the child. [2] [10] Hearing loss is diagnosed when hearing testing finds that a person is unable to hear 25 decibels in at least one ear. [2]
Toxoplasmosis: TORCH infection due to Toxoplasma gondii parasite. Condition is commonly associated with undercooked meat or contact with cat feces. Symptoms of this disease include seizures, hydrocephalus, and chorioretinitis. Cytomegalovirus: viral TORCH infection associated with sensorineural hearing loss, hepatomegaly, and jaundice.
Congenital hearing loss is a hearing loss present at birth. It can include hereditary hearing loss or hearing loss due to other factors present either in-utero (prenatal) or at the time of birth. It can include hereditary hearing loss or hearing loss due to other factors present either in-utero (prenatal) or at the time of birth.
Risk factors for hearing loss in newborns, according to the JCIH, 2000, including: [14] Family history of sensorineural hearing loss. In-utero infections such as rubella, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, toxoplasmosis and herpes. Craniofacial anomalies. Birth weight less than 1,500g (3.3 lbs). Hyperbilirubinemia at levels quiring exchange transfusion.
Pregnant women with Rubella are at risk of having a miscarriage or having a baby born with multiple birth defects due to Congenital rubella syndrome. It affected around 12.5 million people in the US. An estimated 11,000 pregnancies ended in miscarriage or stillbirth , just over 2,000 newborn babies died , and of those that survived around ...