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There are no tests required to diagnose widow spider bites, or latrodectism symptoms. [4] [5] The diagnosis is clinical and based on historic evidence of widow spider bites. Pathognomonic symptoms such as localized sweating and piloerection provide evidence of envenomation. Diagnosis in most people includes reporting contact with a Latrodectus ...
Latrodectus hasselti, the redback spider. The widow spiders (genus Latrodectus), such as the black widow, redback spider, and katipÅ are spiders that carry a neurotoxic venom [18] which can cause a set of symptoms known as Latrodectism. Widow spiders are large, shiny house spiders with relatively spindly legs and deep, globular abdomens.
Envenomation from a redback spider bite produces a syndrome known as latrodectism. A small but significant percentage of people bitten develop significant pain or systemic symptoms. [120] The diagnosis is made from the clinical condition, often based on the victim being aware of a bite and ideally with identification of the spider.
A latrotoxin is a high-molecular mass neurotoxin found in the venom of spiders of the genus Latrodectus (widow spiders) as well as at least one species of another genus in the same family, Steatoda nobilis. [1]
A review published in 2016 showed that 78% of 134 published medical case studies of supposed spider bites did not meet the necessary criteria for a spider bite to be verified. In the case of the two genera with the highest reported number of bites, Loxosceles and Latrodectus , spider bites were not verified in over 90% of the reports.
A Lancet review on spider bites indicates that the redback spider venom has no beneficial effect, but is relatively harmless; see Spider bite (July 2011) (it is not in the abstract). A primary article with a similar conclusion is A randomised controlled trial of intramuscular vs. intravenous antivenom for latrodectism—the RAVE study (2008).
A spider envenomation occurs whenever a spider injects venom into the skin. Not all spider bites inject venom – a dry bite, and the amount of venom injected can vary based on the type of spider and the circumstances of the encounter. The mechanical injury from a spider bite is not a serious concern for humans.
Envenomation is the process by which venom is injected by the bite or sting of a venomous animal. [ 1 ] Many kinds of animals, including mammals (e.g., the northern short-tailed shrew , Blarina brevicauda ), reptiles (e.g., the king cobra ), [ 2 ] spiders (e.g., black widows ), [ 3 ] insects (e.g., wasps ), and fish (e.g., stone fish ) employ ...