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Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a technique in which corticosteroids and a local anesthetic are injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord in an effort to improve spinal stenosis, spinal disc herniation, or both. It is of benefit with a rare rate of major side effects.
For women who cannot or prefer not to use bisphosphonates, owing to gastrointestinal side effects, safety risks, or contraindications, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like BZA may serve as a suitable alternative. SERMs may also benefit younger women who are at higher risk of fractures and require long-term treatment. [5]
Romosozumab, sold under the brand name Evenity (/ ɪ ˈ v ɛ n ɪ t i / ih-VENN-ih-tee or with the pin-pen merger, / ɪ ˈ v ɪ n ɪ t i / ih-VINN-ih-tee), is a medication used to treat osteoporosis. [7] [8] It has been found to decrease the risk of fractures of the spine. [7] Common side effects include headache, joint pain, and injection site ...
The most common side effects include hypercalciuria (high calcium levels in the urine) and dizziness. [3] Other common side effects include back pain , nausea , headache , joint pain , high blood pressure , reactions at the injection site, and palpitations (a forceful heartbeat that may be rapid or irregular).
The International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Calcified Tissue Society recommend pharmacological therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men ≥70 years, with a previous fragility fracture, or a dose equivalent of prednisone ≥7.5 mg daily for ≥3 months. For premenopausal women and men <50 years taking steroids for ...
They are given by injection. [2] Common side effects may include joint pain, rash, vomiting, and headache. [4] Serious side effects may include heart attacks, stroke, increased cancer growth, or pure red cell aplasia. [2] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [5] [6] They work similar to naturally occurring erythropoietin. [1]