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Marpolia has been interpreted as a cyanobacterium, but also resembles the modern cladophoran green algae. It is known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess shale [1] and Early Cambrian deposits from the Czech Republic. [2] It comprises a dense mass of entangled, twisted filaments.
Fuxianospira gyrata is a Cambrian macroalgae found in the Chengjiang lagerstätte. [1] Preserved in clustered, helicoid groups, the filaments are threadlike, plain and without branches. [ 1 ] Brown and smooth in appearance, these structural characteristics display a resemblance to modern brown algae. [ 2 ]
Marine algae can be divided into six groups: green, red and brown algae, euglenophytes, dinoflagellates and diatoms. Dinoflagellates and diatoms are important components of marine algae and have their own sections below. Euglenophytes are a phylum of unicellular flagellates with only a few marine members. Not all algae are microscopic.
The extinct Solenoporaceae have traditionally been interpreted as a group of red algae ancestral to the Corallinales. [4] The genus from which they take their name, Solenopora, originates in the Ordovician. [5] Unlike the Corallinaceae, this family has large vegetative cells and an undifferentiated thallus. [5]
Margaretia is a frondose organism known from the middle Cambrian Burgess shale and the Kinzers Formation of Pennsylvania. [1] Its fronds reached about 10 cm in length and are peppered with a range of length-parallel oval holes. It was originally interpreted as an alcyonarian coral. [2]
Bosworthia is a genus of branching photosynthetic alga known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. 20 specimens of Bosworthia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.04% of the community. [1] One of its two original species has since been reassigned to Walcottophycus. [2]
Some predatory algae have evolved extreme survival strategies. For example, Oxyrrhis marina can turn cannibalistic on its own species when no suitable non-self prey is available, [11] and Pfiesteria and related species have been discovered to kill and feed on fish, and since have been (mistakenly) referred to as carnivorous "algae" by the media.
These algae are notable for having an intracellular network of 10 nm proteinaceous filaments, possibly for the storage and transport of ribonucleoprotein particles. [ 6 ] Because of all these properties, and the fact that they are easy to manipulate they have been favorite organisms in the study of the role of the nucleus vs the unnucleated ...