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A Bézier curve is defined by a set of control points P 0 through P n, where n is called the order of the curve (n = 1 for linear, 2 for quadratic, 3 for cubic, etc.). The first and last control points are always the endpoints of the curve; however, the intermediate control points generally do not lie on the curve.
As with Bézier curves, a Bézier surface is defined by a set of control points. Similar to interpolation in many respects, a key difference is that the surface does not, in general, pass through the central control points; rather, it is "stretched" toward them as though each were an attractive force.
In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, De Casteljau's algorithm is a recursive method to evaluate polynomials in Bernstein form or Bézier curves, named after its inventor Paul de Casteljau. De Casteljau's algorithm can also be used to split a single Bézier curve into two Bézier curves at an arbitrary parameter value.
The variation diminishing property of Bézier curves is that they are smoother than the polygon formed by their control points. If a line is drawn through the curve, the number of intersections with the curve will be less than or equal to the number of intersections with the control polygon.
To do so, we might (1) construct a function close to on a lattice, and then (2) smooth out the function outside the lattice to make a polynomial. The probabilistic proof below simply provides a constructive method to create a polynomial which is approximately equal to f {\displaystyle f} on such a point lattice, given that "smoothing out" a ...
For Bézier curves, it has become customary to refer to the -vectors in a parametric representation of a curve or surface in -space as control points, while the scalar-valued functions , defined over the relevant parameter domain, are the corresponding weight or blending functions.
An example Bézier triangle with control points marked. A cubic Bézier triangle is a surface with the equation (,,) = (+ +) = + + + + + + + + +where α 3, β 3, γ 3, α 2 β, αβ 2, β 2 γ, βγ 2, αγ 2, α 2 γ and αβγ are the control points of the triangle and s, t, u (with 0 ≤ s, t, u ≤ 1 and s + t + u = 1) are the barycentric coordinates inside the triangle.
Paul de Casteljau (19 November 1930 – 24 March 2022) was a French physicist and mathematician. In 1959, while working at Citroën, he developed an algorithm for evaluating calculations on a certain family of curves, which would later be formalized and popularized by engineer Pierre Bézier, leading to the curves widely known as Bézier curves.