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Gurdon's experiments captured the attention of the scientific community as it altered the notion of development and the tools and techniques he developed for nuclear transfer are still used today. The term clone [ 26 ] (from the ancient Greek word κλών (klōn, "twig")) had already been in use since the beginning of the 20th century in ...
Specifically, John Gurdon's experiments showed that a mature or differentiated cell nucleus can be returned to its immature undifferentiated form; this is the first instance of cloning of a vertebrate animal.
In particular, the research of Sir John Gurdon in 1958 entailed the cloning of Xenopus laevis utilizing the principles of SCNT. [5] In short, the experiment consisted of inducing a female specimen to ovulate, at which point her eggs were harvested. From here, the egg was enucleated using ultra-violet irradiation to disable the egg's pronucleus.
Elizabeth Loftus' and John C. Palmer's car crash experiment shows that leading questions can produce false memories (1974) Benjamin Libet's experiment on free will shows that a readiness potential appears before the notion of doing the task enters conscious experience, sparking debate about the illusory nature of free will yet again. (1983)
The first direct experimental examination of the ability of nuclear proteins to accumulate in the nucleus was carried out by John Gurdon when he showed that purified nuclear proteins accumulate in the nucleus of frog oocytes after being micro-injected into the cytoplasm. These experiments were part of a series that subsequently led to studies ...
The first vertebrate ever to be cloned was an African clawed frog in 1962, [35] an experiment for which Sir John Gurdon was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent". [36]
Little was known about the function of the nucleolus until 1964, when a study [10] of nucleoli by John Gurdon and Donald Brown in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis generated increased interest in its function and detailed structure. They found that 25% of the frog eggs had no nucleolus, and that such eggs were not capable of life.
Charles Daniel Lane is a British molecular biologist who along with colleagues Gerard Marbaix and John Gurdon discovered the oocyte exogenous mRNA expression system [1] – a system that not only reveals aspects of the control of gene expression but also provides a "living test tube" for the study of macromolecules: such a whole cell system also shows the merits of a non-reductionist approach ...