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Pharmacovigilance (PV, or PhV), also known as drug safety, is the pharmaceutical science relating to the "collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention" of adverse effects with pharmaceutical products. [1]: 7 The etymological roots for the word "pharmacovigilance" are: pharmakon (Greek for drug) and vigilare (Latin for to keep ...
Lack of efficacy as shown by PROWESS-SHOCK study [19] [20] [21] Ebrotidine: 1998 Spain Hepatotoxicity. [3] Efalizumab (Raptiva) 2009 Germany Withdrawn because of increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy [14] Encainide: 1991 UK, US Ventricular arrhythmias. [2] [3] Ethyl carbamate: 1963 Canada, UK, US Carcinogen. [22 ...
The U.S. Kefauver–Harris Amendment or "Drug Efficacy Amendment" is a 1962 amendment to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. It introduced a requirement for drug manufacturers to provide proof of the effectiveness and safety of their drugs before approval, [1] [2] required drug advertising to disclose accurate information about side effects, and stopped cheap generic drugs being marketed ...
Where the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs considers, as a result of the evaluation of veterinary pharmacovigilance data that there is a significant safety concern, the marketing authorisation may be suspended, revoked or varied to restrict the indications, change the distribution category, amend the dose, add a ...
Because of the lack of these data and uncertainty about methods for synthesising them, individuals conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of therapeutic interventions often unknowingly overemphasise health benefit. [5] To balance the overemphasis on benefit, scholars have called for more complete reporting of harm from clinical trials. [6]
Given their intrinsic methodological limitations, including lack of statistical sampling, case reports are placed at the bottom of the hierarchy of clinical evidence, together with case series. [3] Nevertheless, case reports do have genuinely useful roles in medical research and evidence-based medicine. [4]
This is a list of notable medical and scientific journals that publish articles in pharmacology and the pharmaceutical sciences This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
The first appearance of the term ‘safety pharmacology’ in the published literature dates back to 1980. [5] The term was certainly in common usage in the 1980s within the pharmaceutical industry to describe nonclinical pharmacological evaluation of unintended effects of candidate drugs for regulatory submissions. [6]