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In gravitationally bound systems, the orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (e.g. planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) is the speed at which it orbits around either the barycenter (the combined center of mass) or, if one body is much more massive than the other bodies of the system combined, its speed relative to the center of mass of the most massive body.
Escape speed at a distance d from the center of a spherically symmetric primary body (such as a star or a planet) with mass M is given by the formula [2] [3] = = where: G is the universal gravitational constant (G ≈ 6.67 × 10 −11 m 3 ⋅kg −1 ⋅s −2 [4])
Jupiter: 1.266 865 34 (9) × 10 17: Saturn: 3.793 ... if the distance between the bodies is ... where r is the orbit radius, v is the orbital speed, ω is the angular ...
Its diameter is eleven times that of Earth, and a tenth that of the Sun. Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.20 AU (778.5 Gm), with an orbital period of 11.86 years. It is the third-brightest natural object in the Earth's night sky , after the Moon and Venus , and has been observed since prehistoric times .
Orbital mechanics or astrodynamics is the application of ... so the formula for the distance of a body for a given angle ... is the speed of the ...
The varying orbital speed of the material eventually causes it to form a ring. In celestial mechanics , the Roche limit , also called Roche radius , is the distance from a celestial body within which a second celestial body, held together only by its own force of gravity , will disintegrate because the first body's tidal forces exceed the ...
In spaceflight an orbit insertion is an orbital maneuver which adjusts a spacecraft’s trajectory, allowing entry into an orbit around a planet, moon, or other celestial body. [1] An orbit insertion maneuver involves either deceleration from a speed in excess of the respective body's escape velocity, or acceleration to it from a lower speed.
Ganymede orbits Jupiter at a distance of 1,070,400 kilometres (665,100 mi), third among the Galilean satellites, [26] and completes a revolution every seven days and three hours (7.155 days [39]). Like most known moons, Ganymede is tidally locked, with one side always facing toward the planet, hence its day is also seven days and three hours. [40]